Becoming a U.S. citizen is a significant milestone. Understand the naturalization process, requirements, and how to prepare for this important step.
Expert information to help you understand your rights and options
Naturalization transforms permanent residents into U.S. citizens with full voting rights and passport privileges. Learn residency requirements, the citizenship test and interview process, dual citizenship considerations, and benefits of becoming a citizen.
To naturalize, green card holders must meet strict residency and physical presence requirements, demonstrate good moral character, and pass English and civics tests. Understand the 5-year vs. 3-year rule, travel limitations, and disqualifying criminal history.
You may already be a U.S. citizen if you were born abroad to American parents or your parents naturalized while you were a minor. Understand acquisition at birth, derivative citizenship requirements, how to obtain proof of citizenship, and common misconceptions.
The naturalization exam tests English reading, writing, and speaking plus knowledge of U.S. history and government. Learn what to study, available accommodations for disabilities, pass rates, and what happens if you fail the first attempt.